Complete IUI Guide: Everything You Need to Know

1. What is Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)?

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a fertility treatment that involves placing laboratory-concentrated sperm directly inside a woman's uterus. The goal of IUI is to increase the number of sperm that reach the fallopian tubes, thereby increasing the chance of fertilization. Unlike IVF, where fertilization happens in a lab setting, IUI facilitates fertilization within the body naturally.

2. The Step-by-Step IUI Process

An IUI cycle is closely timed with a woman's natural cycle or ovulation-induction medications. The sequence typically follows these key steps:

• Ovarian Stimulation: Low-dose medications (oral or injections) may be prescribed to stimulate the growth of multiple follicles.
• Monitoring: Ultrasound scans track follicle sizes to determine peak ovulation timing.
• Trigger Shot: An injection of hCG is given to prompt precise ovulation.
• Sperm Preparation: On the day of procedure, the male partner provides a sample which is 'washed' in a lab to concentrate highly active sperm.
• Insemination: Using a thin catheter, the doctor passes washed sperm directly through the cervix into the uterine cavity. This takes just 5-10 minutes and is virtually painless.

3. Success Rates and Optimizing Outcomes

Success rates depend heavily on age and underlying cause of infertility. For couples under 35, success rates are typically between 12-20% per cycle. Outcomes are often optimized by combining IUI with mild ovarian stimulation.